Brief
Kom Ombo or
Ombos or Latin: Ambo and Ombi – is an agricultural town in Egypt famous for the
Temple of Kom Ombo. It was originally an Egyptian city called Nubt, meaning City
of Gold (not to be confused with the city north of Naqada that was also called
Nubt/Ombos). It became a Greek settlement during the Greco-Roman Period. The
town's location on the Nile 50 km north of Aswan (Syene) gave it some control
over trade routes from Nubia to the Nile Valley, but its main rise to prominence
came with the erection of the temple in the 2nd century BC.In antiquity the city
was in the Thebaid, the capital of the Nomos Ombites, upon the east bank of the
Nile; latitude 24° 6′north. Ombos was a garrison town under every dynasty of
Egypt, Pharaonic, Macedonian, and Roman, and was celebrated for the magnificence
of its temples and its hereditary feud with the people of. Sobek at the Temple
of Kom Ombo Ombos was the first city below Syene at which any remarkable remains
of antiquity occur.
Reasons to visit
The Temple of Sobek and Haroeris in Kom Ombo (also known
simply as Kom Ombo Temple) dates from about 180 BC during the Ptolemaic era,
with additions made into Roman times. It stands right on the bank of the Nile
between Edfu and Aswan, making it a convenient stop for river cruises.In ancient
times, Kom Ombo stood on an important crossroads between the caravan route from
Nubia and trails from the gold mines in the eastern desert. During the reign of
Ptolemy VI Philometor (180-145 BC), it became a training depot for African war
elephants, which were used to fight the fierce pachyderms of the Seleucid
empire.
Temple of Suchos and Haroeris
The double temple of Kom Ombo, dedicated to the crocodile
god Sebek and the falcon-headed Horus, is one of the more magnificent temples
left to us from the 18th Egyptian dynasty. In more ancient times, when ferocious
crocodiles still roamed the Nile, Kom Ombo was a sanctuary for the reptilian
beasts. They used to come out to islets in the middle of the river and sun
themselves in good weather. Ancient Egyptians believed that by adopting them as
totem animals they could propitiate them and keep them from gobbling up humans
who strayed into their territory. The temple itself is still an impressive
sight. Construction on the site was started in the second century BC, and
finished largely by the end of the first century BC. It is actually a double
temple, with one half devoted to each of the resident gods. The left, or
northern half, was devoted to Horus and the southern side to Sebek. There may
even have been two separate priesthoods at the site. Today the temple has been
severely damaged by the passage of time, but there are still pillars, arches and
columnades, along with an impressively decorated hypostyle hall (a ceiling
supported by columns). The god Sebek, taken to be an underling of Seth, the god
of darkness and the sworn enemy of Horus, was the patron of crocodiles and
through subservience to his master, an enemy of Horus. Horus, on the other hand,
was the falcon-headed sky-god of vengeance and righteousness, rightful heir and
son of Osiris.
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